American facing legal problems have two choices when it comes to legal representation. They can hire a lawyer, or they can represent themselves–informally, in situations outside of court, or formally, as pro se litigants, in court. This right is constitutionally protected in criminal cases and is almost universally recognized in typical civil matters. Traditionally, those representing themselves had few options for assistance. They could turn to the informal advice of “neighbors, friends, co-workers, religious advisors, teachers,” and the like, purchase a self-help book, or retain a scrivener or document preparer (although he or she would be prohibited from dispensing legal advice).

More In Volume 11 – Issues 1 & 2
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The Oil & Gas Industry: Failing to Properly Regulate Hydraulic Fracturing & Placing Profits Over Safety
This Note will evaluate the regulations and environmental implications surrounding hydraulic fracturing, or “fracking,” on…
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The European Aspects of Global Financial Developments
What is the position of Europe—and specifically the European Union (EU)—on the world map of…
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Entire Fairness: A Call to Preserve Delaware Doctrine
Appraisal arbitrage is on the rise. Institutional investors—namely, hedge funds—buy into target companies after their…
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Steering (or Not) Through the Social and Legal Implications of Autonomous Vehicles
The National Safety Council estimated 38,300 people were killed on U.S. roads in 2015, and 4.4 million…
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The Rise of Artificial Intelligence in the Legal Field: Where We Are and Where We Are Going
The twenty-first century has brought significant technological advancement that permeates all aspects of our lives.…
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Definite Indefiniteness of “Molecular Weight” as a Claim Term for Polymer-Related Patents
The molecular weight of a polymer is not just a number for a single molecule.…
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Convergence and Divergence Between International Investments Law and Human Rights Law, in the Context of the Greek Sovereign Debt Restructuring
International investment law developed separately from and was, for a long period, perceived as incompatible…
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A New Deal for Europe? The Commerce Clause as the Solution to Tax Discrimination and Double Taxation in the European Union
The decision by the European Court of Justice in Kerckhaert-Morres, allowing double taxation of the…